Fruit trees we are looking for
Gymnema sylvestre
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult.
Family: Asclepiadaceae (APG: Apocynaceae)
Synonyms: Periploca sylvestris Retz. (1781), Marsdenia sylvestris (Retz.) P.I. Forster (1995).
Vernacular names: Periploca of the woods, ram's horn, miracle fruit (En).
Origin and geographic distribution
Gymnema sylvestre has a wide range, extending from Africa to Saudi Arabia, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and South China, as well as Japan (Ryukyu Islands) in the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia. In Africa, it is present in most parts of West Africa and extends east to Ethiopia and south to South Africa.
Description
Creeping bush or liana up to 3 m tall, stem up to 15 mm in diameter, rooting at nodes, gray bark, short-hairy becoming glabrous, with lenticels; abundant latex in all parts. Leaves opposite, simple and entire; petiole 5-25 mm long; blade ovate to elliptic, 2-9 cm × 1-5.5 cm, base rounded, cuneiform or cordate, apex rounded to acuminate, glabrous above, slightly or densely covered with short hairs below. Inflorescence an axillary umbelliform cyme, 3-12-flowered, up to 1.5 cm in diameter; peduncle 2-13 mm long. Flowers bisexual, regular, 5-mothers, yellowish, scented; pedicel 2-8 mm long; calyx lobes ovate, 1-2.5 mm long, apex obtuse, hairy; campanulate corolla, up to 5.5 mm in diameter, tube 2-2.5 mm long, lobes approximately 2.5 mm long, crown lobes approximately 1.5 mm long, with a groove inside, densely hairy; ovary superior, apical portion of the head of the stigma exserted from the top of the staminal column. Fruit a pair of follicles, each lanceolate, 5-10 cm × 6-10 mm, tapering progressively to apex, pale green to beige or brownish, many-seeded. Eggs ovoid, flattened, with a tuft of white hairs at the apex. Growth and development In West Africa, flowering occurs at the end of the rainy season and at the beginning of the dry season. The effects of culture substrate on the performance of Gymnema sylvestre were studied in a pot trial, comparing a potting mixture enriched with vermicompost, or coconut peat mud, press mud or manure: at 4 months after plantation, it is the potting mix enriched with vermicompost that has given the best results in general.
Ecology
Gymnema sylvestre grows in secondary forests, riparian woodlands and dry shrub savannahs, usually on sandy or loamy soils. It is present in a scattered and locally abundant and common way. It prefers rainfall well distributed throughout the year, 600-1000 mm. prospect The prospects of Gymnema sylvestre as a medicinal plant seem considerable, especially for the treatment of diabetes. He was the subject of a patent as an antidiabetic. Tissue culture techniques are developed to obtain a high content of active compounds. Further research is needed to select high-yielding genotypes for cultivation, and to develop appropriate culture techniques.
uses
In India and China, the bitter leaves of Gymnema sylvestre are known as "sugar destroyers" because they temporarily prevent the sensation of sugar. Herbalists' use of these leaves as a treatment for diabetes mellitus goes back more than 2000 years. In West Africa, the leaves are also taking against diabetes, and purgative and emetic virtues are lent to the leaves and roots. In Sudan, crushed leaves or powdered roots are applied to snake bites. In eastern Africa, scarification is rubbed into the flank with crushed leaves to treat side points. In Tanzania, crushed cooked roots in food are taken to treat epilepsy. In Angola, leaf and stem preparations are taken against cancer. In Botswana, crushed cooked roots or root powder are used externally to treat boils. In Madagascar, the infusion of leafy twigs is taken to treat gonorrhea. Fresh leaves are chewed to treat diabetes. In India and China, the roots and leaves are also used to treat all kinds of conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, inflammation of the blood vessels, edema, fever, cough, hemorrhoids, boils, small wounds, insect bites and snake bites, and stomachic. Recently, Gymnema Sylvestre drew great attention to the fact that leaf powder would help control the blood sugar levels of people with type 1 and 2 diabetes, when
Family: Asclepiadaceae (APG: Apocynaceae)
Synonyms: Periploca sylvestris Retz. (1781), Marsdenia sylvestris (Retz.) P.I. Forster (1995).
Vernacular names: Periploca of the woods, ram's horn, miracle fruit (En).
Origin and geographic distribution
Gymnema sylvestre has a wide range, extending from Africa to Saudi Arabia, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and South China, as well as Japan (Ryukyu Islands) in the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia. In Africa, it is present in most parts of West Africa and extends east to Ethiopia and south to South Africa.
Description
Creeping bush or liana up to 3 m tall, stem up to 15 mm in diameter, rooting at nodes, gray bark, short-hairy becoming glabrous, with lenticels; abundant latex in all parts. Leaves opposite, simple and entire; petiole 5-25 mm long; blade ovate to elliptic, 2-9 cm × 1-5.5 cm, base rounded, cuneiform or cordate, apex rounded to acuminate, glabrous above, slightly or densely covered with short hairs below. Inflorescence an axillary umbelliform cyme, 3-12-flowered, up to 1.5 cm in diameter; peduncle 2-13 mm long. Flowers bisexual, regular, 5-mothers, yellowish, scented; pedicel 2-8 mm long; calyx lobes ovate, 1-2.5 mm long, apex obtuse, hairy; campanulate corolla, up to 5.5 mm in diameter, tube 2-2.5 mm long, lobes approximately 2.5 mm long, crown lobes approximately 1.5 mm long, with a groove inside, densely hairy; ovary superior, apical portion of the head of the stigma exserted from the top of the staminal column. Fruit a pair of follicles, each lanceolate, 5-10 cm × 6-10 mm, tapering progressively to apex, pale green to beige or brownish, many-seeded. Eggs ovoid, flattened, with a tuft of white hairs at the apex. Growth and development In West Africa, flowering occurs at the end of the rainy season and at the beginning of the dry season. The effects of culture substrate on the performance of Gymnema sylvestre were studied in a pot trial, comparing a potting mixture enriched with vermicompost, or coconut peat mud, press mud or manure: at 4 months after plantation, it is the potting mix enriched with vermicompost that has given the best results in general.
Ecology
Gymnema sylvestre grows in secondary forests, riparian woodlands and dry shrub savannahs, usually on sandy or loamy soils. It is present in a scattered and locally abundant and common way. It prefers rainfall well distributed throughout the year, 600-1000 mm. prospect The prospects of Gymnema sylvestre as a medicinal plant seem considerable, especially for the treatment of diabetes. He was the subject of a patent as an antidiabetic. Tissue culture techniques are developed to obtain a high content of active compounds. Further research is needed to select high-yielding genotypes for cultivation, and to develop appropriate culture techniques.
uses
In India and China, the bitter leaves of Gymnema sylvestre are known as "sugar destroyers" because they temporarily prevent the sensation of sugar. Herbalists' use of these leaves as a treatment for diabetes mellitus goes back more than 2000 years. In West Africa, the leaves are also taking against diabetes, and purgative and emetic virtues are lent to the leaves and roots. In Sudan, crushed leaves or powdered roots are applied to snake bites. In eastern Africa, scarification is rubbed into the flank with crushed leaves to treat side points. In Tanzania, crushed cooked roots in food are taken to treat epilepsy. In Angola, leaf and stem preparations are taken against cancer. In Botswana, crushed cooked roots or root powder are used externally to treat boils. In Madagascar, the infusion of leafy twigs is taken to treat gonorrhea. Fresh leaves are chewed to treat diabetes. In India and China, the roots and leaves are also used to treat all kinds of conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, inflammation of the blood vessels, edema, fever, cough, hemorrhoids, boils, small wounds, insect bites and snake bites, and stomachic. Recently, Gymnema Sylvestre drew great attention to the fact that leaf powder would help control the blood sugar levels of people with type 1 and 2 diabetes, when